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- How did 100,000,000 women disappear?
- An unexpexted death
- bank
- The Contour Canal, Pollachi, Tamil Nadu, India.
- More About Me
| How did 100,000,000 women disappear? | Top |
| The scope of this is astonishing, 100 to 200 million women dead. Two researchers crunching population statistics have confirmed an unsettling reality. Siwan Anderson and Debraj Ray noticed the ratio of women to men in developing regions and in some cultures is suspiciously below the norm June 6, 2009 NICOLE BAUTE STAFF REPORTER In India, China and sub-Saharan Africa, millions upon millions of women are missing. They are not lost, but dead: victims of violence, discrimination and neglect. A University of British Columbia economist is amongst those trying to find them – not the women themselves, who are long gone, but their numbers and ages, which paint a sad and startling picture of gender discrimination in the developing world. The term "missing women" was coined in 1990, when Indian economist Amartya Sen calculated a shocking figure. In parts of Asia and Africa, he wrote in The New York Review of Books , 100 million women who should be alive are not, because of unequal access to medical care, food and social services. These are excess deaths: women "missing" above and beyond natural mortality rates, compared to their male counterparts. Women who are dead because their lives were undervalued. Around the world boys outnumber girls at birth, but in countries where women and men receive equal care, women have proved hardier and more resistant to disease, and thus live longer. In most of Asia and North Africa, however, Sen found that women die with startlingly higher frequency. His research began a flutter of activity in academic circles and by 2005, the United Nations produced a much higher estimate for how many women could be "missing": 200 million. From her office at the University of British Columbia, economics professor Siwan Anderson has been crunching numbers to try and understand why so many women are dying. "If you're interested in gender discrimination, it's really one of the starkest measures of discrimination, because it's women who should be alive, but aren't," she says. The 40-year-old researcher recently co-authored a paper with New York University's Debraj Ray, focusing on figures from China, India and sub-Saharan Africa for the year 2000. What they discovered flew in the face of existing literature and commonly held beliefs about the missing women phenomenon. "Previously, people had thought that they (the missing women) were all at the very early stages of life, prenatal or just after, so before four years old," Anderson says. "But what we found is that the majority are actually later." Female infanticide has been endemic in India and China for some time, which she says led researchers to assume that it was the source of all the missing women. But the truth is much more complicated. Once she and Ray broke down the numbers by age group, they found that the majority of excess female deaths came later in life: 66 per cent in India, 55 per cent in China and 83 per cent in sub-Saharan Africa. One of their colleagues in the economics department at the University of British Columbia says this finding is striking, and points the way for future research and advocacy. "Why would there be excess mortality of, let's say, 45-year-old women versus 45-year-old men?" asks economics professor Kevin Milligan. "And what they find is ... they have the same set of diseases, they just seem to die more frequently. The explanation that seems most consistent with that is differential access to health care. And so that's a really striking finding." Anderson says that lack of health care is likely a big part of the problem, but that there are numerous cultural and social factors at play that can be difficult to pinpoint. In their "elementary accounting exercise" published this February, Anderson and Ray began to plot the causes of excess death in 2000 by age group, and produced some interesting figures. In sub-Saharan Africa, the dominant source of missing women was HIV and AIDS, the cause of more than 600,000 excess female deaths each year. In China, Anderson says, most of the 141,000 excess female deaths by injury were suicides, making China the only place in the world where women are more likely than men to kill themselves, often by eating pesticides used for crops. And in India, a category called "injuries" yielded ominously high figures: 86,000 excess deaths in the age group 15-29 in 2000 alone. Anderson has done extensive research in India, and says the numbers beg the question of exactly how many deaths were so-called "kitchen fires" – often used to mask dowry-related killings, the result of a new bride being tortured by her new family until her parents pay their debts. Contrary to what you might expect, Anderson says, dowry prices have not dropped off with improvements in education in India. Instead, they have gotten worse, with educated brides and their families willing to pay even more for high-quality grooms. Anderson says dowry payments can be six times a family's annual wealth – an excruciating price, especially for poor villagers. The implications of this hefty sum trickle down to the first moments of a child's life. While conducting recent field work in India, Anderson asked villagers about selective abortions and found them open about the fact that they use ultrasound to determine the baby's gender and help them decide whether or not to keep it. "They see no other options," she says. "They really cannot afford to have a daughter." Future research will delve deeper, seeking answers to questions such as: How often are men given mosquito nets to protect themselves from malaria, but not women? How many women die because they are not taken to the hospital when they are sick? Anderson is using data gathered primarily from the World , the United Nations and the World Health Organization, but admits that getting the figures can be a huge challenge. In sub-Saharan Africa, for example, many deaths go undocumented, and in India, it is virtually impossible to know how many "unintentional" deaths are actually dowry killings, because they are not accurately reported to the authorities. It is also difficult to separate direct gender discrimination from biological, social, environmental, behavioural and economic factors. That will be part of the task as Anderson works on calculating missing women by region in India, and isolating gender discrimination from other factors that might contribute to uneven male-to-female ratios. When asked what can be done to combat such deep-seated inequality, Anderson pauses. Even when governments outlaw root causes, such as the Indian dowry system, violence persists, she says. "It's too embedded in the system in their world." Original article here, The Star.com Source | |
| An unexpexted death | Top |
| The village of Andiyappanur is about 23 kilometres away from Thiruppathur , a medium town in Vellore district of Tamil Nadu . When we enter the village, we will be able to see our childhood there, small children going school in frock, carrying small plastic bags filled with books, water bottles, mangoes etc. The village is staying away from the modern amenities. Plenty of STD booth was the only luxury there. In many of the small shops, the cashier was seated on the floor. We were used to climb trees and terraces of high buildings and hill in search of Mobile Coverage at that time. The next town Alankayam was little bigger that Andiyappanur and has a same look except a ICICI Branch there. The Tamil Nadu Water Resources Organisation was planning a dam and other allied works there. The project was delayed because some of the local people were not willing to leave their affected land and properties for want of more money from the government. During 2002 – 2003 my company was awarded a contract to build the dam across the Andiyappanur Odai . We were forced to take over some affected properties by paying the money the owners demanded. This was done to start the project so as to mobilise the idle plants and machinery. All of the land owners except one old lady were willing to relocate after receiving the money. The lady's demand, forced by her son, was so high that we were unable to accept. The dam construction was in requirement of removing huge quantity of rock by blasting. During the blasting operations, we had tried our maximum to evacuate the men and cattle . The old lady's land was adjacent to the dam excavation area. Many times rock fragment were fallen into her land and she warned us that she is going to the Courts to stop the dam works. We came to know that her son was moving to the court get a stay order to stop the work until he is awarded the money he demanding. But the court was not willing to stay the works and the order was to pay him as per the law. In the meantime Manikkyam , old lady's brother approached us to give him some job. He told us that he has no means of food or cloth, most of the time water and roots were only his food. His words that whenever he feels hungry he will sing a song was so touching. Any way he was given the job of helper in our canteen. He told us that the nearby forests were once full of sandalwood trees and many people from Thiruppathur became wealthy by smuggling these trees. One day we were called by our labours during the lunch hours. A lady was found unconscious on her hand about 500 metres way from out site. Her leg was broken and was bleeding. A small piece of stone was found from that place. The surrounding people headed by lady's son argued that the lady was died by the falling of rock from the blasting. We were surprised to hear this. Anyway the lady was taken to the hospitals and we were really shocked to accept the fact that she is dead. The villagers became very aggressive and the began to quarrel with us telling that we had killed an innocent human being. The next few days were very critical were for us. It was during the Onam and we were not happy to celebrate the Onam . The old lady's death was found as normal death in post mortem. The dam construction was going in the full swing and was completed in time. The lady's land was not evacuated till the commissioning of the Project. Source | |
| bank | Top |
| Tonight I got ditched out on twice. My last saturday as a highschooler, and right now I'm sitting here just thinking about everything that has happened this school year. It feels like this year could have been all 4 years of high school. So much shit happened it's hard to believe it happened THAT QUICK. It feels like the friends I had at the beginning of the school year aren't even the same people I know today. Thanksgiving night, football homecoming dance, new years, basketball homecoming dance, basketball homecoming NIGHT, cocoa time, kasey's party, "the shop", camping, all the bmlm weekends, dirty texting on bmlm nights, february 28, creating santa baby, grabbing the wrong jersey at the wrong time for the first rally dance, kelseigh's party, quarters, halloween night, the burn scar on my knee, bhall days, getting my license, kickbacks, MA, BA, SABJJ, SKABJ, SKABBJ, Kyler's house, starbucks shows, dancing 6th period in the gym, watching baseball practice, creepin' at dennys, making up with Rob... twice, Layne's house.. the time with jesse and the time on north bank , passing out drunk in my bathroom doorway, almost having to go to the hospital, siera GOING to the hospital, realizing how incredible Siera & I are at making chili nachos, that time we drank so much we could go bowling with our bottles, chinese firedrill, jesse a's house, jeff's house.. So much has happened that it's hard to even remember back to the first few months of school. It feels like ages ago and I feel like I was such a different person then. I changed a lot this year, and some of the changes weren't for the better and they were caused by things I'd give anything to have never happened. Part of me is so afraid to let it all go, and so much of me is ready to move on. As the year ends I'm ready to clean my slate of everything that happened this year and to just start over. Easier said than done though, I suppose. Source | |
| The Contour Canal, Pollachi, Tamil Nadu, India. | Top |
| When you are standing on top of Aliyar Dam, you can see a massive structure passing through the hills and disappearing. But we will not realise that it is a canal unless told by somebody else that it is the Contour Canal, an engineering marvel built and commissioned during 1960's. It is an excellent example of water management for the benefit of farmers. The Contour canal was designed and implemented to convey water from the tail race of Surcarpathy Powerhose to Aliyar Dam and Thirumoorthy Dam. The water to Aliyar Dam is discharged thought ist subsidiary, feeder canal and it runs almost parallel to the Contour Canal upto the Aliyar Dam but is on the plains. Aliyar Dam was constructed in 1960's across the Aliyar river in Aliyar Nagar . It is located about 65 Km from Coimbatore and it is found on the foothills of Valparai . It also receives water from upper aliyar reservoir through hydro-electric power station in Navamali . The Aliyar Dam was spotted in many cinemas , in Tamil, Malayalam and Kannada. SALIENT FEATURES OF THE ALIYAR DAM Catchment Area - 76 Sq.Miles Maximum Designed Discharge - 41,000 C/S Discharge Capacity provided - 41,000 C/S Mean Annual rainfall in catchment - 45" to 125" Maximum and full reservoir level - +1050 Feet Deepest sill of the supply sluice - +930 Feet Capacity at FRL - 3864 Mcft Water Spread area at FRL - 2.32 Sq.Miles Deepest Foundation level for non spillway sec. - +914.00 Deepest Foundation level for spillway section - +1020.00 Maximum Height of dam - +120 Feet Width at top of Dam - 14 Feet Maximum width of base - 67 Feet Elevation at Top of Dam - +1059.00 Length of Masonry Dam - 2810 Feet No & Size of Sluice (River Sluice) - 2 Nos 5'0" X 6'0" Sill of Sluice - +930.00 Discharge at FRL - 4165 C/S No. & Size of Sluice ( Vettaikaranpudur Canal) - 1 No 5'0"X 6'0" Sill of Sluice - +980 Discharge at FRL - 1576 C/S No. & Size of Sluice ( Pollachi Canal) - 2 Nos 5'0"X 6'0" Sill of Sluice - +980 Discharge at FRL - 3152 C/S Clear waterway at crest of Spillway - 330 Feet Spillway Crest Level - +1040 Maximum Discharge through Spillway @ FRL - 41000 C/S No. & Size of Spill Way Gate - 11 Nos 30'0" X 10.38'0" Radial gates. Maximum Height of Dam - 144.50 Feet Width @ Top - 25 Feet The Contour can in Parambikkulam Aliyar Scheme in Tamil Nadu is a place we should have visited as an Engineer. It was constructed during a period when constructions methods were not much developed in a country like India. But when we visit the Canal we can realize that how difficult was the project to take shape. The canal is passing through steep and undulating hills. The canal is being taken through tunnels excavated in solid rock, some tunnels as long as many kilo metres. The canals is wide enough to carry an elephant. The canal carries water from Sholayar Reservoir to Thirumoorthy Reservoir after passing through some power generating stations. The canal flow velocity is said to be high enough to carry a live elephant to heaven. I have got a chance to see the entire length of the Canal when I was assigned by my Employer for the Rehabilitation of the canal during 1998 - 99. The aim of the project was to reduce the loss of water from the canal through many leaking points. The contract was aided by the World under Tamil Nadu Water Resources Organisation. The main component of the contract was to provide an additional lining of cement concrete over the existing lining that was done some 30 years ago. The canal was lined on only one side in some parts downstream the hill to avoid possible leakages. This canal is the main source of agriculture for many areas in Pollachi and Udumalpet . The people in these areas are well aware of the value of water. I can understand this from the pressure from many sides when our project was delayed. During the execution of the project I have got many experience of working with some admirable personalities like the then Superintending Engineer of Pollachi Basin Circle of Tamil Nadu Public Works Department. Er. S. Velappan . I have heard that he was participated in the construction of the same canal as a Junior Engineer and he was used to supervise the construction by riding motor bike into the tunnels. But my relationships with him was not so good because of his misunderstandings and arguments with our company officials. It was obvious when I was assigned for other projects under control of him in Tirunelveli and Palayamkottai . I was obliged to keep away from him when he was present at site. He was retired from Service as Special Chief Engineer in Project Circle, Palayamkottai . This gentle man's approach was ideal for quality construction practices. During the rehabilitation works of the canal several labourers were brought, locally and from Gundelpet , Karnataka , they were obliged to work day and night to complete the project in time. Many accidents happened during the construction activities and few people sacrificed their precious life. A young boy wall dead being fallen from a stone, a woman worker was died by snake bite. The canal was frequently used by wild animals. Tigers, deers and elephants were usually seen by us. The Assistant Engineers, Loganathan , Kovalan , Gopi , Arulprakash were present during the period. The staff were so friendly and they welcomed us with coffee, tea and vada in every morning. During some festivities we were offered feast in the Aliyar Inspection Banglow with special fish fry made from the Katla fish caught from Aliyar Dam Reservoir. Loganathan 's laugh was so pleasing that nobody will like to quarrel with him. His technical assistants Kavitha and Savithri offered me guava fruit when I was there in their office. Source | |
| More About Me | Top |
| I am ANIL KUMAR , born, brought up and educated in Nellippara , a small village in Alakode Panchayath of Kannur District in Kerala state of India. I was born in November 9,1972 but my official date of birth is May 7, 1973 as per records. My father was migrated from Central Travancore before my birth. My father is a farmer and my mother passed away in March 30, 1991. I have 4 younger brothers, one is employed in Ajman , UAE and others are living in India. My father was married again and we have a stepmother now. In 1989 March I have completed SSLC from NSSHSS Alakode and in 1991 I have complete Pre - Degree from Sir Syed College Taliparamba ( University of Calicut ) In 1991 I have joined Government College of Engineering , Kannur for B.Tech and in October 1995 I have got Degree in Civil Engineering from University of Calicut . In July 1996 I have got employment in Chandragiri Construction Company, Kasargod , Kerala as Site Engineer in their Dam Project Karapuzha Irrigation Project at Vazhavatta , Kalpetta , Kerala . Before getting this appointment I was searching employment in various Companies, I had attended many interviews and tests, in Kerala and other parts. I had attended an interview and a group of tests at Jain Irrigation Systems Limited, Jalgaon , Maharashtra. During 1996 - 2006 I have worked in many prestigious projects in Kerala and Tamil Nadu , mainly projects funded by the World bank . Rehabilitation of Contour Canal, Rehabilitation of Pollachi Canal, Kodumudiyar Reservoir Project, Andiayappanur Odai Reservoir Project, Tamil Nadu Road Sector Project are to name a few. In July 2005 I have got appointment in Kitco Limited, Kochi , a premier Consulting Services Company in Kerala promoted by Government of Kerala and IDBI . I was assigned for the Construction of Tourist Complex at Parassinikadavu , Kerala . In April 2006 I have got employment in Renardet S.A. & Partnerts Consulting Engineers LLC as Civil Engineer. Now I have more than 13 years of professional experience in India and Oman, carrying out execution, planning, and supervision of construction various types of major civil works like Dams, Canals, Building etc.. My experiences include construction supervision and quality assurance and control during execution of the same. No I am assigned for the construction of Interceptor Guard Dam, Salalah , Dhofar Region, Sultanate of Oman. The dam is an earth em bank ment of about 23m high with plastic concrete cut off wall. The dam is being constructed for the purpose of protecting the Salalah city against cyclonic floods and to enhance the groundwater recharge. We the consultants, Salalah Large Dams Consultants J.V., ( A consortium formed between GHD ( Australia ) Renardet S.A. & Partners LLC ( Oman ) and Sogreah ( France ) )are performing the supervision, quality assurance and monitoring for the Client (Ministry of Regional Municipalities, and Water Resources, Sultanate of Oman ). The contractor is a consortium formed between M/s Strabag International Germany and Strabag Oman LLC . The Contract Amount is USD 73 Milliom approximately and the scheduled date of completion is October 2009. The works are going well and is nearing completion now. Source | |
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